Momwe mungakulitsire luso lopanga mapepala pogwiritsa ntchito polyacrylamide

Polyacrylamidendi chowonjezera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakampani opanga mapepala. Polyacrylamide (PAM), monga polima wosungunuka m'madzi, ili ndi flocculation yabwino, kukhuthala, kufalikira ndi zina. Idzagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana. Mumakampani opanga mapepala, PAM imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Yabweretsa phindu lalikulu pazachuma kumakampani opanga mapepala mwa kukonza mawonekedwe a zamkati ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a makina opangira mapepala. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe polyacrylamide imagwiritsidwira ntchito popanga mapepala ndi momwe imakhudzira kukonza bwino ntchito yopanga.

Makhalidwe ndi ntchito zoyambira za polyacrylamide

Polyacrylamide ndi polima ya molekyulu yambiri yomwe ingagawidwe m'magulu osakhala a ionic, anionic, cationic ndi amphoteric malinga ndi mphamvu zake zolipirira. PAM ikasungunuka m'madzi, ndipo kapangidwe kake ka molekyulu kautali kamathandiza kuti ikhale ndi ntchito zabwino kwambiri monga flocculation, thickening, retention assistance, ndi sefa assistance. Mu makampani opanga mapepala, polyacrylamide imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mbali zotsatirazi:

1. Chithandizo chosungira:

Mamolekyu a PAM ali ndi kapangidwe ka unyolo wautali ndipo amatha kumizidwa pamwamba pa ulusi ndi zodzaza kuti apange milatho. Potero kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa zodzaza ndi ulusi zomwe zimasungidwa pa ukonde wa pepala. Kuchepetsa kutayika kwa ulusi m'madzi oyera ndikuchepetsa kutayika kwa zinthu zopangira. Mwa kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zodzaza ndi ulusi zomwe zimasungidwa, zinthu zakuthupi za pepala monga kusalala, kusindikizidwa, ndi mphamvu zimatha kuwongoleredwa.

2. Chothandizira zosefera:

Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya madzi m'madzi, kufulumizitsa njira yosefera madzi ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.

3. Flocculant:

Kufulumizitsa kusowa madzi m'nthaka: PAM imatha kusuntha bwino ulusi waung'ono, zodzaza ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimapachikidwa mu zamkati kuti zipange tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, kufulumizitsa kukhazikika kwa matope ndi kusowa madzi m'nthaka, ndikuchepetsa ndalama zokonzera matope.

Kukweza ubwino wa madzi: PAM imatha kuchotsa bwino zinthu zolimba zomwe zapachikidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe m'madzi otayidwa, kuchepetsa BOD ndi COD m'madzi otayidwa, kukonza ubwino wa madzi, ndikuchepetsa kuipitsa chilengedwe.

4. Chotulutsira madzi:

Kuletsa kusonkhana kwa ulusi: PAM imatha kuletsa kusonkhana kwa ulusi mu ulusi, kukonza kufanana kwa ulusi, ndikukweza mtundu wa pepala.

Kugwiritsa ntchito polyacrylamide muukadaulo wopanga mapepala

1. Gawo lokonzekera zamkati

Pakukonzekera zamkati, ulusi ndi zodzaza zazing'ono zimatayika mosavuta ndi madzi otayira, zomwe zimayambitsa zinyalala za zinthu komanso kuipitsa chilengedwe. Kugwiritsa ntchito cationic polyacrylamide ngati chothandizira kusunga zinthu kungathandize kugwira ndikukonza ulusi ndi zodzaza zazing'ono mu zamkati kudzera mu kuletsa magetsi ndi kulumikiza. Izi sizimangochepetsa kutayika kwa ulusi, komanso zimachepetsa kudzaza kwa njira zotsukira zinyalala.

2. Makina olembera mapepala onyowa

Mu makina onyowa a pepala, kutaya madzi mwachangu ndiye chinsinsi chothandizira kukonza bwino ntchito yopangira. Anionic kapena nonionic polyacrylamide ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chothandizira fyuluta kuti madzi azitha kutuluka mosavuta mu kapangidwe ka ulusi mwa kukonza kusuntha pakati pa ulusi. Njirayi imachepetsa kwambiri nthawi yotaya madzi pamene imachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu panthawi youma.

3. Gawo lopangira mapepala

Monga chotulutsira madzi, polyacrylamide imatha kuletsa kusuntha kwa ulusi ndikuwonjezera kufanana ndi kusalala kwa pepalalo. Posankha mosamala kulemera kwa mamolekyulu ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya PAM, zinthu zakuthupi za pepala lomalizidwa, monga mphamvu yokoka ndi mphamvu yong'ambika, zitha kukonzedwanso. Kuphatikiza apo, polyacrylamide imathanso kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya pepala lophimbidwa ndikupangitsa kuti pepalalo lizigwira ntchito bwino.

Ubwino waukulu wa polyacrylamide pakukweza magwiridwe antchito opangira

1. Chepetsani kutayika kwa zinthu zopangira

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosungira zinthu kumathandiza kwambiri kuti ulusi ndi zodzaza zisungidwe bwino mu zamkati, kumachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangira, komanso kumachepetsa ndalama zopangira.

2. Fulumizani njira yochepetsera madzi m'thupi

Kuyambitsa njira zothandizira zosefera kumapangitsa kuti njira yochotsera madzi ikhale yogwira mtima kwambiri, motero kumawonjezera liwiro la makina ogwiritsira ntchito mapepala ndikufupikitsa nthawi yopangira. Izi sizimangowonjezera mphamvu yopangira yokha, komanso zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.

3. Chepetsani kuthamanga kwa madzi otayira

Mwa kukweza mphamvu ya flocculation, polyacrylamide imatha kuchepetsa bwino kuchuluka kwa zinthu zolimba zomwe zimapachikidwa m'madzi otayira, kuchepetsa kudzaza kwa malo oyeretsera zinyalala kuchokera ku gwero ndikuchepetsa ndalama zotetezera chilengedwe za mabizinesi.

4. Sinthani mtundu wa pepala

Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosungunulira zinthu kumapangitsa kuti kufalitsa ulusi wa pepala kukhale kofanana, kumawonjezera kwambiri mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a pepala, komanso kumawonjezera mpikisano pamsika wa chinthucho.

Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza momwe polyacrylamide imagwiritsidwira ntchito

Kuti polyacrylamide igwire bwino ntchito, zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

1. Kusankha chitsanzo cha PAM

Njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira mapepala ndi mitundu ya mapepala zimakhala ndi zofunikira zosiyana pa kulemera kwa mamolekyulu ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya PAM. PAM yolemera kwambiri ya mamolekyulu ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa flocculation ndi fyuluta, pomwe PAM yolemera pang'ono ya mamolekyulu ndi yoyenera kwambiri kufalikira.

2. Kuonjezera kuchuluka ndi njira yowonjezera

Kuchuluka kwa PAM komwe kwawonjezeredwa kuyenera kulamulidwa bwino. Kuchuluka kwambiri kungayambitse zotsatirapo zoipa, monga kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a kusowa madzi m'thupi kapena kukweza ndalama zopangira. Nthawi yomweyo, njira yowonjezera yosakanikirana bwino iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti tipewe kusonkhana komwe kumakhudza zotsatira zake.

3. Mikhalidwe ya ndondomeko

Kutentha, pH ndi momwe madzi alili zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito a PAM. Mwachitsanzo, cationic PAM imagwira ntchito bwino m'malo opanda asidi pang'ono, pomwe anionic PAM ndi yoyenera m'malo okhala ndi alkaline.

Monga chowonjezera chogwira ntchito zambiri mumakampani opanga mapepala, polyacrylamide imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukweza magwiridwe antchito opanga, kuchepetsa ndalama zopangira ndikukweza mtundu wa malonda ndi mphamvu zake zabwino zodumphira, kusunga, kusefa ndi kufalikira. Mu ntchito zothandiza, makampani ayenera kusankha moyenera ndikukonza momwe PAM imagwiritsidwira ntchito kutengera mawonekedwe awo ndi zosowa zawo kuti apeze zabwino zachuma komanso zachilengedwe.