Kusiyana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito cationic, anionic ndi nonionic PAM?

Polyacrylamide(PAM) ndi polima yosunthika yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiritsa madzi, kupanga mapepala, kuchotsa mafuta ndi magawo ena. Malingana ndi katundu wake wa ionic, PAM imagawidwa m'magulu atatu akuluakulu: cationic (Cationic PAM, CPAM), anionic (Anionic PAM, APAM) ndi nonionic (Nonionic PAM, NPAM). Mitundu itatuyi ili ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pamapangidwe, ntchito ndi ntchito.

1. Cationic polyacrylamide (Cationic PAM, CPAM)

Kapangidwe ndi katundu:

Cationic PAM: Ndi mzere wozungulira wa polima. Chifukwa ili ndi magulu osiyanasiyana ogwira ntchito, imatha kupanga zomangira za haidrojeni ndi zinthu zambiri ndipo makamaka imayendetsa ma colloids oyipa. Oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu acidic zinthu

Ntchito:

- Kusamalira madzi onyansa: CPAM nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira madzi onyansa achilengedwe, monga zimbudzi zam'tawuni, madzi otayira chakudya, etc. Malipiro abwino amatha kuphatikiza ndi tinthu tating'ono tomwe timayimitsidwa kuti tipange flocs, potero kulimbikitsa kulekanitsa kwamadzi olimba.

- Makampani opanga mapepala: Popanga mapepala, CPAM ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati wothandizira komanso wothandizira kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu ndi kusunga mapepala.

- Kutulutsa mafuta: M'minda yamafuta, CPAM imagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola matope kuti achepetse kusefa ndi kukhuthala.

2. Anionic polyacrylamide (Anionic PAM, APAM)

Kapangidwe ndi katundu:

Anionic PAM ndi polima wosungunuka m'madzi. Poyambitsa magulu a anionic awa pamsana wa polima, APAM imatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi zinthu zabwino. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa flocculation, sedimentation ndi kumveka kwa madzi otayira osiyanasiyana a mafakitale. Oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazakumwa zamchere.

Ntchito:

- Kuchiza madzi: APAM imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'madzi akumwa komanso kuyeretsa madzi otayira m'mafakitale. Ikhoza condense inaimitsidwa particles kupyolera magetsi neutralization kapena adsorption, potero kuwongolera bwino madzi.

- Makampani a mapepala: Monga njira yosungira komanso kusefera, APAM imatha kupititsa patsogolo kusefera kwamadzi kwa zamkati ndi mphamvu ya pepala.

- Kuvala kwa Mining ndi Ore: Pakuyandama ndi kusungunuka kwa ore, APAM imatha kulimbikitsa kusungunuka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa ore.

- Kupititsa patsogolo Dothi: APAM ikhoza kukonza nthaka, kuchepetsa kukokoloka kwa nthaka, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri paulimi ndi ulimi wamaluwa.

3. Nonionic Polyacrylamide (Nonionic PAM, NPAM)

Kapangidwe ndi Katundu:

Nonionic PAM ndi ma polima apamwamba kwambiri kapena polyelectrolyte yokhala ndi majini angapo a polar mumndandanda wake wama cell. Iwo akhoza adsorb olimba particles inaimitsidwa m'madzi ndi mlatho pakati particles kupanga lalikulu floccules, imathandizira sedimentation wa particles mu kuyimitsidwa, imathandizira kufotokoza njira, ndi kulimbikitsa kusefera. Zilibe magulu olipidwa ndipo makamaka amapangidwa ndi magulu a amide. Kapangidwe kameneka kamapangitsa kuwonetsa kusungunuka kwabwino komanso kukhazikika pansi pazandale komanso zofooka za acidic. Nonionic PAM ili ndi mawonekedwe olemera kwambiri a maselo ndipo samakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi pH mtengo.

Ntchito:

- Chithandizo cha Madzi: NPAM ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matope ochepa, madzi oyera kwambiri, monga madzi apakhomo ndi madzi akumwa. Ubwino wake ndikuti umakhala wosinthika kwambiri pakusintha kwamadzi ndi pH.

- Makampani opanga nsalu ndi utoto: Popanga nsalu, NPAM imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thickener ndi stabilizer kupititsa patsogolo kumatira kwa utoto ndi utoto wofanana.

- Makampani opanga zitsulo: NPAM imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta komanso ozizira pokonza zitsulo kuti muchepetse mikangano ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito.

- Ulimi ndi ulimi wamaluwa: Monga chonyowa m'nthaka, NPAM imatha kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yosunga madzi munthaka ndikulimbikitsa kukula kwa mbewu.

Cationic, anionic ndi nonionic polyacrylamide ali ndi magawo osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito ndi zotsatira zake chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo apadera a mankhwala ndi mawonekedwe amalipiro. Kumvetsetsa ndi kusankha koyeneraPAMmtundu akhoza kwambiri patsogolo processing Mwachangu ndi zotsatira kukwaniritsa zosowa za mafakitale osiyanasiyana.