Kodi ndingasankhe bwanji mtundu wa Polyacrylamide?

Polyacrylamide(PAM) nthawi zambiri imatha kugawidwa m'magulu a anionic, cationic, ndi nonionic malinga ndi mtundu wa ion. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochotsa madzi m'madzi. Posankha, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya madzi otayira ingasankhe mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Muyenera kusankha PAM yoyenera malinga ndi mawonekedwe a chimbudzi chanu. Nthawi yomweyo, muyeneranso kufotokozera momwe polyacrylamide idzawonjezedwere komanso cholinga chomwe mukufuna kukwaniritsa pogwiritsa ntchito.

Zizindikiro zaukadaulo za polyacrylamide nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kulemera kwa mamolekyulu, kuchuluka kwa hydrolysis, ionicity, kukhuthala, kuchuluka kwa monomer yotsalira, ndi zina zotero. Zizindikirozi ziyenera kufotokozedwa bwino malinga ndi madzi otayira omwe mukukonza.

1. Kulemera kwa maselo/kukhuthala

Polyacrylamide ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kulemera kwa mamolekyu, kuyambira otsika mpaka okwera kwambiri. Kulemera kwa mamolekyu kumakhudza magwiridwe antchito a ma polima m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Polyacrylamide yolemera kwambiri ya mamolekyu nthawi zambiri imakhala yothandiza kwambiri pakusuntha chifukwa maunyolo awo a polima ndi ataliatali ndipo amatha kulumikiza tinthu tambiri pamodzi.

Kukhuthala kwa yankho la PAM kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri. Pamene ionization ili yokhazikika, kulemera kwa molekyulu ya polyacrylamide kumakhala kwakukulu, kukhuthala kwa yankho lake kumakhala kwakukulu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa unyolo wa macromolecular wa polyacrylamide ndi wautali komanso woonda, ndipo kukana kuyenda mu yankho kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri.

2. Mlingo wa hydrolysis ndi ionicity

Ionicity ya PAM imakhudza kwambiri momwe imagwiritsidwira ntchito, koma mtengo wake woyenera umadalira mtundu ndi mtundu wa zinthu zomwe zakonzedwa, ndipo pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yoyenera pazochitika zosiyanasiyana. Pamene mphamvu ya ionic ya zinthu zomwe zakonzedwa ili yokwera (zinthu zosapangidwa), ionicity ya PAM yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito iyenera kukhala yokwera, apo ayi iyenera kukhala yotsika. Kawirikawiri, digiri ya anion imatchedwa digiri ya hydrolysis, ndipo digiri ya ion nthawi zambiri imatchedwa digiri ya cation.

Momwe mungasankhire polyacrylamideZimadalira kuchuluka kwa ma colloid ndi zinthu zolimba zomwe zimapachikidwa m'madzi. Mutamvetsa zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambapa, mungasankhe bwanji PAM yoyenera?

1. Kumvetsetsa komwe kumachokera zinyalala

Choyamba, tiyenera kumvetsetsa komwe kumachokera, mtundu wake, kapangidwe kake, kuchuluka kwake kolimba, ndi zina zotero.

Kawirikawiri, cationic polyacrylamide imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matope achilengedwe, ndipo anionic polyacrylamide imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matope osapangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Ngati pH ili yokwera, cationic polyacrylamide siyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo ngati , anionic polyacrylamide siyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Asidi amphamvu amachititsa kuti kusakhale koyenera kugwiritsa ntchito anionic polyacrylamide. Ngati matope ali olimba kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa polyacrylamide komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kumakhala kwakukulu.

2. Kusankha kwa ionicity

Pa matope omwe amafunika kuchotsedwa madzi m'madzi otayidwa, mutha kusankha ma flocculant okhala ndi ionicity yosiyana kudzera mu zoyeserera zazing'ono kuti musankhe polyacrylamide yoyenera kwambiri, yomwe ingathandize kuti flocculation ikhale yabwino kwambiri ndikuchepetsa mlingo, ndikusunga ndalama.

3. Kusankha kulemera kwa maselo

Kawirikawiri, kulemera kwa mamolekyulu a zinthu za polyacrylamide kukakhala kwakukulu, kukhuthala kumakhala kwakukulu, koma pogwiritsidwa ntchito, kulemera kwa mamolekyulu a chinthucho kumakhala kwakukulu, momwe chigwiritsidwire ntchito chimakhala bwino. Pakugwiritsa ntchito mwapadera, kulemera kwa mamolekyulu oyenera a polyacrylamide kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa malinga ndi makampani enieni ogwiritsira ntchito, khalidwe la madzi ndi zida zochizira.

Mukagula ndikugwiritsa ntchito PAM koyamba, tikukulimbikitsani kupereka momwe madzi akuyendera kwa wopanga flocculant, ndipo tidzakulangizani mtundu woyenera kwambiri wa mankhwala. Ndipo tumizani zitsanzo kuti zikayesedwe. Ngati muli ndi chidziwitso chambiri pa ntchito yanu yoyeretsa madzi akumwa, mutha kutiuza zomwe mukufuna, malo ogwiritsira ntchito, ndi njira zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito, kapena kutipatsa mwachindunji zitsanzo za PAM zomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito pakadali pano, ndipo tidzakufananitsani ndi polyacrylamide yoyenera.