Njira ndi Njira Zothetsera PAM: Buku Lotsogolera Akatswiri

Polyacrylamide(PAM), monga chothandizira kwambiri pochiza madzi, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Komabe, kusungunula PAM kungakhale kovuta kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri. Zinthu za PAM zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madzi otayira m'mafakitale makamaka zimakhala m'njira ziwiri: ufa wouma ndi emulsion. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza mwatsatanetsatane njira yosungunula mitundu iwiri ya PAM kuti atsimikizire kuti ogwiritsa ntchito akupeza zotsatira zabwino kwambiri pa ntchito zenizeni.

 Ufa wouma wa Polyacrylamide

Njira yosungunula mwachindunji ndiyo njira yosavuta komanso yodziwika bwino yosungunula PAM. Njira iyi ndi yoyenera ufa wa PAM wokhala ndi kulemera kochepa kwa mamolekyu ndipo ndi yosavuta kusungunuka. Nazi njira zenizeni:

Konzani Chidebe: Sankhani chidebe cha pulasitiki choyera, chouma, komanso cholimba chomwe chili chachikulu mokwanira kuti chisunge ufa wa PAM ndi madzi ofunikira. Musagwiritse ntchito zidebe zachitsulo kapena zidebe zokhala ndi madontho achitsulo.

Onjezani Zosungunulira: Onjezani madzi okwanira.

Kusakaniza: Yambitsani chosakaniza. Mukasakaniza, onetsetsani kuti chosakaniza chamizidwa kwathunthu mu yankho kuti mupewe thovu. Liwiro losakaniza siliyenera kukhala lalikulu kwambiri kuti mupewe kusweka kwa unyolo wa mamolekyu a PAM.

Onjezani Ufa wa PAM: Pang'onopang'ono onjezani ufa wa PAM wofunikira mu chidebecho uku mukusakaniza pang'onopang'ono kuti fumbi lisawuluke. Pitirizani kusakaniza yankho kuti ufa wa PAM ubalalike mofanana mu chosungunulira.

Yembekezerani Kuti Musungunuke: Pitirizani kusakaniza ndikuwona ufa wa PAM ukusungunuka. Nthawi zambiri, umafunika kusunthidwa kwa ola limodzi mpaka ufa wa PAM utasungunuka kwathunthu.

Yang'anani Kusungunuka: Mukamaliza kusungunuka, onani ngati kwasungunuka kwathunthu poyang'ana kuonekera bwino kapena chizindikiro cha refractive cha yankho. Ngati tinthu tosasungunuka kapena machubu aonekera, pitirizani kusakaniza mpaka kusungunuka kwathunthu. Ngati kulemera kwa molekyulu ya PAM kuli kokwera kwambiri ndipo kusungunukako kuli pang'onopang'ono kwambiri, kumathanso kutenthedwa moyenera, koma sikuyenera kupitirira 60°C.

Emulsion ya Polyacrylamide

Konzani Chidebe ndi Zida: Sankhani chidebe chachikulu mokwanira kuti muwonetsetse kuti pali malo okwanira osakaniza. Khalani ndi chosakaniza kapena ndodo yosakaniza yokonzeka kuti muwonetsetse kuti yankholo lasakanikirana bwino.

Konzani Yankho: Onjezani madzi ndi PAM emulsion nthawi imodzi, ndipo yambani chosakaniza nthawi imodzi kuti muwonetsetse kuti emulsion ndi madzi zasakanikirana bwino.

Lamulirani Kuchuluka Komaliza: Kuchuluka komaliza kwa emulsion ya PAM kuyenera kulamulidwa pa 1-5% kuti muwonetsetse kuti flocculation ikuyenda bwino kwambiri. Ngati mukufuna kusintha kuchuluka, pitirizani kuwonjezera madzi kapena kuwonjezera emulsion ya PAM.

Pitirizani Kusakaniza: Mukawonjezera PAM emulsion, pitirizani kusakaniza yankho kwa mphindi 15-25. Izi zimathandiza mamolekyu a PAM kufalikira ndi kusungunuka mokwanira, kuonetsetsa kuti akufalikira mofanana m'madzi.

Pewani Kusakaniza Mopitirira Muyeso: Ngakhale kusakaniza koyenera kumathandiza kusungunula PAM, kusakaniza mopitirira muyeso kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mamolekyu a PAM, kuchepetsa mphamvu yake yosuntha. Chifukwa chake, lamulirani liwiro ndi nthawi yosakaniza.

Kusunga ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito: Sungani yankho la PAM losungunuka pamalo amdima komanso ouma, kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha kuli koyenera. Pewani kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji kuti PAM isawonongeke. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, onetsetsani kuti yankholo ndi lofanana kuti lisakhudze mphamvu ya flocculation chifukwa cha kufalikira kosagwirizana.