Polyacrylamide (PAM) ndi momwe imagwiritsidwira ntchito pochiza madzi
Kuwongolera kuipitsidwa kwa madzi ndi kayendetsedwe kake ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri poteteza chilengedwe ndi kutaya madzi otayidwa kuti asamalidwe kwambiri.
Polyacrylamide (PAM), polima wosungunuka m'madzi wolunjika, ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa ntchito yokonza madzi chifukwa cha kulemera kwakukulu kwa mamolekyulu, kusungunuka m'madzi, kulamulira kulemera kwa mamolekyulu ndi kusintha kosiyanasiyana kwa magwiridwe antchito.
PAM ndi zinthu zochokera ku PAM zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zinthu zothandiza pokonza madzi, kukhuthala, kuchepetsa kukwera kwa madzi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza madzi, kupanga mapepala, mafuta, malasha, geology, zomangamanga ndi mafakitale ena.
M'madzi apansi panthaka, madzi a pamwamba ndi zimbudzi, zinyalala ndi zoipitsa nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi tinthu tambirimbiri tomwe ndi tating'ono kwambiri kuti tikhazikike pansi pa mphamvu yokoka. Chifukwa chakuti kusungunuka kwachilengedwe sikungathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira, mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala, ukadaulo wagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, molekyulu ya PAM imayamwa tinthu tambiri ndikupanga floc yayikulu, motero, kukhazikika kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kumawonjezeka.
Poyerekeza ndi flocculant yosapangidwa mwachilengedwe, PAM ili ndi ubwino wofunika wambiri: mitundu yambiri ya zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, mlingo wochepa, matope ochepa opangidwa, komanso kuchira mosavuta. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale flocculant yabwino kwambiri.
Ndi za mlingo wa inorganic coagulant 1/30 mpaka 1/200.
PAM imagulitsidwa m'njira ziwiri zazikulu: ufa ndi emulsion.
Ufa wa PAM ndi wosavuta kunyamula, koma si wosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito (zida zosungunula zimafunika), pomwe emulsion si yosavuta kunyamula ndipo imakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yosungira.
PAM imasungunuka kwambiri m'madzi, koma imasungunuka pang'onopang'ono kwambiri. Kusungunuka kumatenga maola angapo kapena usiku wonse. Kusakaniza bwino kwa makina kumathandiza kusungunula PAM. Nthawi zonse onjezerani PAM pang'onopang'ono m'madzi osunthidwa - osati madzi ku PAM.
Kutentha kumatha kuonjezera pang'ono kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka, koma kutentha sikuyenera kupitirira 60°C.
Kuchuluka kwa PAM kwakukulu kwa yankho la polima ndi 0.5%, kuchuluka kwa PAM yotsika ya mamolekyulu kumatha kupangidwa kukhala 1% kapena kupitirira pang'ono.
Mankhwala okonzedwa a PAM ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa masiku angapo, apo ayi ntchito ya flocculation idzasokonekera.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-03-2022