Chifukwa Chosankha Polyaluminium chloride Yothandizira Madzi

Kusamalira madzi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri poteteza chilengedwe ndi thanzi la anthu, ndipo cholinga chake ndikuwonetsetsa kuti madzi ndi abwino komanso kukwaniritsa zosowa zosiyanasiyana. Pakati pa njira zambiri zosamalira madzi,polyaluminum chloride(PAC) imasankhidwa kwambiri chifukwa cha makhalidwe ake apadera komanso mphamvu yake yogwira ntchito bwino yolimbitsa thupi.

Kugwira bwino ntchito kwa magazi: PAC ili ndi mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yogwira ntchito ndipo imatha kuchotsa bwino zinthu zodetsa monga zinthu zolimba zomwe zimapachikidwa, ma colloid ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zosasungunuka m'madzi ndikuwonjezera ubwino wa madzi.

Njira yolumikizirana ya PAC

Kapangidwe ka polyaluminium chloride (PAC) monga coagulant makamaka kamaphatikizapo kukanikiza kwa zigawo ziwiri zamagetsi, kuletsa mphamvu ya magetsi ndi kutsekereza ukonde. Kukanikiza zigawo ziwiri zamagetsi kumatanthauza kuti pambuyo powonjezera PAC m'madzi, ma ayoni a aluminiyamu ndi ma ayoni a chloride amapanga gawo la adsorption pamwamba pa tinthu ta colloidal, motero kukanikiza zigawo ziwiri zamagetsi pamwamba pa tinthu ta colloidal, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisokonezeke ndikuziphatikiza; adsorption bridging ndi Ma cations mu mamolekyu a PAC amakokerana ndipo ma charges oipa pamwamba pa tinthu ta colloidal, ndikupanga kapangidwe ka "mlatho" wolumikizira tinthu ta colloidal zingapo; zotsatira zake ndi kudzera mu adsorption ndi bridge effect ya mamolekyu a PAC ndi tinthu ta colloidal, zomwe zimakokera tinthu ta colloidal. Yogwidwa mu netiweki ya mamolekyu a coagulant.

Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a polyaluminium chloride

Poyerekeza ndi zinthu zopanda chilengedwe zosakaniza utoto, zathandiza kwambiri kuti utoto usinthe mtundu. Kagwiridwe kake ka ntchito ndi kakuti PAC imatha kulimbikitsa mamolekyu a utoto kuti apange ma floc abwino kudzera mu kukanikiza kapena kuletsa kupangika kwa zigawo ziwiri zamagetsi.

PAM ikagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi PAC, mamolekyu a anionic organic polymer amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yolumikizira ma unyolo awo aatali a molekyulu kuti apange ma floc okhuthala mothandizidwa ndi wothandizira wosokoneza. Njirayi imathandiza kukonza kukhazikika kwa ma ayoni achitsulo cholemera komanso imapangitsa kuti ma ayoni achitsulo cholemera azichotsedwa mosavuta. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa magulu a amide omwe ali mu unyolo wam'mbali wa mamolekyu a anionic polyacrylamide amatha kupanga ma ionic bond ndi -SON m'mamolekyu a utoto. Kupangidwa kwa mgwirizano wa mankhwalawu kumachepetsa kusungunuka kwa flocculant yachilengedwe m'madzi, motero kumalimbikitsa kupanga mwachangu ndi kutsika kwa ma floc. Njira yolumikizirana yozama iyi imapangitsa kuti ma ayoni achitsulo cholemera azitha kuthawa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chithandizo chikhale chogwira ntchito komanso zotsatira zake.

Ponena za kuchotsa phosphorous, mphamvu ya polyaluminum chloride siinganyalanyazidwe. Ikawonjezeredwa ku madzi otayira okhala ndi phosphorous, imatha kusungunuka ndi madzi kuti ipange ma ayoni achitsulo a aluminiyamu atatu. Ioni iyi imagwirizana ndi ma phosphate osungunuka m'madzi otayira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma phosphate otsalawo asasungunuke. Njira yosinthirayi imachotsa bwino ma ayoni a phosphate m'madzi otayira ndipo imachepetsa zotsatira zoyipa za phosphorous m'madzi.

Kuwonjezera pa kuchitapo kanthu mwachindunji ndi phosphate, mphamvu ya polyaluminum chloride yolumikizana imagwiranso ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuchotsa phosphorous. Imatha kupangitsa kuti phosphorous ilowe m'madzi mwa kukanikiza chitsulo pamwamba pa ayoni a phosphate. Njira imeneyi imapangitsa kuti phosphates ndi zinthu zina zodetsa zachilengedwe m'madzi otayidwa zigwirizane mwachangu kukhala magulu, ndikupanga ma flocs omwe ndi osavuta kukhazikika.

Chofunika kwambiri, pa zinthu zolimba zosungunuka bwino zomwe zimapangidwa pambuyo powonjezera phosphorous, PAC imagwiritsa ntchito njira yake yapadera yogwirira ukonde komanso mphamvu yoletsa mphamvu kuti ilimbikitse kukula pang'onopang'ono ndi kukhuthala kwa zinthu zolimba zosungunukazi, kenako n’kuziphatikiza, kuziphatikiza, ndi kuzisuntha kukhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timeneti timakhazikika pansi, ndipo kudzera mu kulekanitsa kwa zinthu zolimba ndi zamadzimadzi, madzi amphamvu amatha kutulutsidwa, motero kuchotsa phosphorous bwino. Njira zovuta izi zakuthupi ndi za mankhwala zimaonetsetsa kuti madzi otayidwa akuyenda bwino komanso mokhazikika, kupereka chitsimikizo cholimba choteteza chilengedwe komanso kugwiritsanso ntchito madzi.