Chifukwa Chake Musankhe Polyaluminium Chloride Pochiza Madzi

Kusamalira madzi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pachitetezo cha chilengedwe komanso thanzi la anthu, ndipo cholinga chake ndikuwonetsetsa kuti madzi ali abwino komanso kukwaniritsa zosowa za ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Mwa njira zambiri zochizira madzi,polyaluminiyamu kloridi(PAC) imasankhidwa kwambiri chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera komanso magwiridwe antchito a coagulation.

Kuchita bwino kwa coagulation: PAC ili ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri ndipo imatha kuchotsa zonyansa monga zolimba zoyimitsidwa, ma colloid ndi zinthu zosasungunuka m'madzi ndikuwongolera madzi.

Coagulation mechanism ya PAC

Limagwirira wa polyaluminium kolorayidi (PAC) monga coagulant makamaka psinjika ya magetsi awiri wosanjikiza, mlandu neutralization ndi misampha ukonde. Kuponderezedwa kwa magawo awiri amagetsi kumatanthauza kuti mutatha kuwonjezera PAC m'madzi, ma aluminium aluminium ndi chloride ions amapanga adsorption wosanjikiza pamwamba pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta colloidal, motero amakanikiza magawo awiri amagetsi pamwamba pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndikupangitsa kuti asokonezeke komanso condense; adsorption bridging ndi The cations mu PAC mamolekyu amakopa wina ndi mzake ndi mlandu zoipa pamwamba pa particles colloidal, kupanga "mlatho" dongosolo kulumikiza angapo colloidal particles; Mphamvu ya ukonde ndi kudzera mu kutengeka ndi kutsekereza kwa mamolekyu a PAC ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta colloidal, zomwe zimapeza tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta colloidal. Kugwidwa mu netiweki ya coagulant mamolekyu.

Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a polyaluminium chloride

Poyerekeza ndi ma inorganic flocculants, zasintha kwambiri kusintha kwa utoto. Njira yake yochitirapo kanthu ndikuti PAC imatha kulimbikitsa mamolekyu a utoto kuti apange ma flocs abwino kudzera pakuponderezedwa kapena kusanjikiza gawo lamagetsi awiri.

PAM ikagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi PAC, ma anionic organic polima mamolekyu amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kutsekeka kwa maunyolo awo aatali a molekyulu kuti apange ma flocs okulirapo mothandizidwa ndi wosokoneza. Njirayi imathandizira kukonza kukhazikika komanso kupangitsa kuti ma ion heavy metal achotse mosavuta. Kuonjezera apo, magulu ambiri a amide omwe ali muzitsulo zam'mbali za anionic polyacrylamide mamolekyu amatha kupanga ma ionic ndi -SON mu mamolekyu a utoto. Mapangidwe a mankhwala chomangira amachepetsa solubility wa organic flocculant m'madzi, potero kulimbikitsa mapangidwe mofulumira ndi mpweya wa flocs. Kumangirira kwakuya kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti ma ayoni azitsulo zolemera kwambiri athawe, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito komanso mphamvu yamankhwala.

Pankhani ya kuchotsa phosphorous, mphamvu ya polyaluminium kolorayidi silinganyalanyazidwe. Akawonjezeredwa kumadzi onyansa okhala ndi phosphorous, amatha hydrolyze kuti apange ayoni azitsulo a aluminiyamu. Ioniyi imamangiriza ku ma phosphates osungunuka m'madzi oyipa, ndikusinthira omaliza kukhala ma phosphate precipitates osasungunuka. Kutembenuka kumeneku kumachotsa bwino ayoni a phosphate m'madzi onyansa ndikuchepetsa kuwononga kwa phosphorous pamadzi.

Kuphatikiza pa zomwe zimachitika mwachindunji ndi phosphate, coagulation ya polyaluminium chloride imathandizanso kwambiri pakuchotsa phosphorous. Itha kukwaniritsa kutsatsa ndi kutsekereza popondaponda wosanjikiza pamwamba pa ma phosphate ions. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ma phosphates ndi zinthu zina zowononga zamoyo zomwe zili m'madzi otayidwa ziunjike mwachangu, ndikupanga magulu osavuta kukhazikika.

Chofunika koposa, zabwino granular inaimitsidwa zolimba opangidwa pambuyo kuwonjezera phosphorous kuchotsa wothandizira, PAC amagwiritsa ntchito yake yapadera ukonde kugwira limagwirira ndi amphamvu mlandu neutralization zotsatira kulimbikitsa kukula pang'onopang'ono ndi thickening zolimba izi inaimitsidwa, ndiyeno condense, akaphatikiza, ndi flocculate mu. particles zazikulu. Izi particles ndiye kukhazikika pansi wosanjikiza, ndipo mwa olimba-zamadzimadzi kulekana, ndi supernatant madzi akhoza kutulutsidwa, potero kukwaniritsa imayenera phosphorous kuchotsa. Mndandanda wazinthu zovuta zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala zimatsimikizira kuti bwino komanso kukhazikika kwa madzi owonongeka, kupereka chitsimikizo cholimba cha kuteteza chilengedwe ndi kugwiritsanso ntchito madzi.