Mankhwala ochizira zinyalala

Kukonza madzi otayidwa ndi njira yovuta yomwe imafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana kuti ayeretse madzi. Ma Flocculant ndi amodzi mwa mankhwala ofunikira omwe amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukonza madzi otayidwa. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza mwatsatanetsatane kuchuluka kwa mankhwala oyeretsera madzi otayidwa, momwe ma flocculant amagwiritsidwira ntchito pokonza madzi otayidwa, udindo wa mankhwala otayidwa, komanso njira zodzitetezera pogwiritsa ntchito ma flocculant.

Mlingo wa mankhwala oyeretsera zinyalala umadalira mtundu wa zinyalala, njira yoyeretsera zinyalala, komanso momwe zinthu zilili. Zitsanzo zotsatirazi ndi za mlingo wa mankhwala ena oyeretsera zinyalala:

Polyaluminum chloride (PAC):Kawirikawiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati flocculant, imatha kuchita ndi tinthu ta colloidal tomwe timayatsidwa bwino kuti tipange ma hydroxide micelles okhazikika kuti achotse zinthu zolimba zomwe zimayimitsidwa ndi ma ayoni achitsulo cholemera. Nthawi zambiri, mlingo pa tani imodzi ya madzi osaphika ndi pafupifupi magalamu makumi awiri, koma mlingo weniweni uyenera kusinthidwa malinga ndi mtundu wa madzi osaphika komanso momwe zinthu zilili.

Polyacrylamide (PAM):amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholumikizira kuti awonjezere kulimba ndi kukhazikika kwa floc. Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi polyaluminium chloride, mlingo pa tani imodzi ya madzi osaphika ndi pafupifupi magalamu ochepa, koma mlingo weniweni uyenera kusinthidwa moyenera malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili komanso mitundu ya zodetsa.

Ma Flocculant amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza madzi akumwa, makamaka kuphatikiza magulu awa:

Kukonza madzi otayidwa m'mafakitale: Madzi otayidwa m'mafakitale ali ndi zinthu zambiri zolimba zomwe zimapachikidwa, ma ayoni achitsulo cholemera komanso zinthu zoipitsa zachilengedwe. Kugwiritsa ntchito flocculants kumatha kuchotsa bwino zinthu zoipitsa izi ndikuyeretsa madzi otayidwa.

Kukonza zinyalala m'nyumba: Zinyalala za m'nyumba zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe komanso zinthu zolimba zomwe zimapachikidwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito flocculant kumatha kuchotsa bwino zinthu zoipitsa izi ndikuwonjezera ubwino wa madzi.

Kusamalira madzi otayidwa m'munda: Madzi otayidwa m'munda ali ndi zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe, ammonia nayitrogeni ndi zinthu zina zoopsa. Kugwiritsa ntchito flocculants kumatha kuchotsa bwino zinthu zoipitsa izi ndikuwonjezera ubwino wa madzi.

Madzi otayira m'mafakitale: Kugwiritsa ntchito flocculant kumatha kuchotsa bwino zinthu zolimba zomwe zimapachikidwa, ma ayoni achitsulo cholemera ndi zinthu zoipitsa zachilengedwe m'madzi ndikuwonjezera ubwino wa madzi.

Ntchito za mankhwala ochotsa zinyalala zimaphatikizapo magulu awa:

Kuchotsa zinthu zolimba zomwe zapachikidwa: Pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zozungulira, zinthu zolimba zomwe zapachikidwa m'madzi otayidwa zimasonkhanitsidwa m'magulu kuti zithandize kusungunuka ndi kusefedwa.

Kuchotsa ma ayoni achitsulo cholemera: Kudzera mu ntchito ya ma flocculant, ma ayoni achitsulo cholemera m'madzi otayidwa amasandulika kukhala ma hydroxide precipitates kuti achotsedwe mosavuta.

Kuchotsa zinthu zoipitsa zachilengedwe: Kudzera mu ntchito ya flocculants, zinthu zoipitsa zachilengedwe m'madzi otayira zimasanduka ma hydroxide precipitates kapena okosijeni kukhala zinthu zina kuti zichotsedwe mosavuta.

Kusintha kwa pH: Sinthani pH ya madzi otayidwa pogwiritsa ntchito alkali kapena asidi kuti muyeretse madzi otayidwa.

Zinthu zofunika kuziganizira mukamagwiritsa ntchito flocculant:

Sankhani flocculant yoyenera: Flocculant zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi ntchito ndi zotsatira zosiyana. Ndikofunikira kusankha flocculant yoyenera malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili.

Kuwongolera mlingo wa mankhwala: Mlingo wosakwanira udzakhudza zotsatira zake, ndipo mlingo wochulukirapo udzabweretsa kuwononga ndalama komanso kutayika kwa ndalama. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwongolera mlingo woyenera malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili.

Sakanizani bwino: Sakanizani flocculant ndi kuthirira bwino kuti isungunuke bwino ndikuchitapo kanthu.

Samalani kutentha ndi pH: Kutentha ndi pH zimakhudza momwe flocculant imakhudzira mphamvu ya flocculant ndipo ziyenera kulamulidwa mosamala.