Ndi mankhwala ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza Flocculation?

Kusungunuka kwa madziNdi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, makamaka pokonza madzi ndi madzi otayira, kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapachikidwa ndi ma colloid tipezeke mu tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta floc. Izi zimathandiza kuti tichotsedwe kudzera mu sedimentation kapena kusefa. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza flocculant amadziwika kuti flocculants. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zodziwika bwino komanso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi polyacrylamide.

Polyacrylamidendi polima yopangidwa kuchokera ku acrylamide monomers. Imapezeka m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo anionic, cationic, ndi non-ionic, iliyonse yokhala ndi ntchito zake zapadera. Kusankha mtundu wa polyacrylamide kumadalira mtundu wa tinthu tating'onoting'ono m'madzi ndi zotsatira zomwe mukufuna za njira yolumikizirana.

Anionic polyacrylamide imakhala ndi mphamvu yoipa ndipo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza madzi otayira okhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe tili ndi mphamvu yoipa monga dongo ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Komano, cationic polyacrylamide imakhala ndi mphamvu yoipa ndipo imagwira ntchito pochiza madzi ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe tili ndi mphamvu yoipa monga zinthu zolimba zopachikidwa ndi matope. Non-ionic polyacrylamide ilibe mphamvu yoipa ndipo ndi yoyenera kusuntha tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosiyanasiyana.

Ma polyacrylamide flocculants amagwira ntchito pomamatira pamwamba pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kupanga mipata pakati pawo, ndikupanga magulu akuluakulu. Ma floc omwe amachokera amakhala osavuta kukhazikika kapena kusefa kuchokera m'madzi. Polyacrylamide imakondedwa chifukwa cha kulemera kwake kwakukulu kwa mamolekyu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yolumikizana komanso yolumikizana.

Kupatula polyacrylamide, mankhwala ena amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochotsa mabakiteriya, kutengera zosowa za njira yochizira.Aluminiyamu Sulfate(alum) ndi ferric chloride, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza madzi. Mankhwalawa amapanga zitsulo za hydroxide flocs zikawonjezedwa m'madzi, zomwe zimathandiza kuchotsa tinthu tomwe timapachikidwa.

Makamaka, alum yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyeretsa madzi kwa zaka zambiri. Akawonjezeredwa m'madzi, alum imadutsa mu hydrolysis, ndikupanga ma flocs a aluminiyamu hydroxide omwe amasunga zinyalala. Kenako ma flocs amatha kukhazikika, ndipo madzi oyeretsedwa amatha kulekanitsidwa ndi dothi.

Kusakaniza madzi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa njira zotsukira madzi, kuonetsetsa kuti zinyalala zachotsedwa ndi kupanga madzi oyera. Kusankha flocculant kumadalira zinthu monga mawonekedwe a madzi oti atsukidwe, mtundu wa tinthu tomwe tilipo, ndi zotsatira zomwe mukufuna pa chithandizo. Polyacrylamide ndi zinthu zina zotsukira madzi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukweza magwiridwe antchito a njira zotsukira madzi ndi madzi otayidwa, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale madzi otetezeka komanso abwino kugwiritsa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana.