Kodi Mungatani Ndi Mavuto Pakukonza Posambira Posambira?
M'chilimwe chotentha, kusambira kwakhala chisankho choyamba cha zosangalatsa. Sizimangobweretsa kuziziritsa komanso chisangalalo, komanso zimathandiza kuti anthu azikhala oyenera. Ndiye, kukonza dziwe n'kofunika kwambiri, zomwe zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi chitetezo cha madzi a dziwe komanso kuyendetsa bwino kwa zipangizo. Nkhaniyi ikupereka mayankho aukadaulo komanso angwiro ku zovuta zomwe wamba pakukonza dziwe, zomwe zidapangidwa kuti zithandizire oyang'anira dziwe ndi osambira kuti athane ndi mavutowa komanso kusangalala ndi malo osambira audongo, otetezeka komanso omasuka.
Nkhaniyi isanayambe, tiyeni tione mfundo zina zofunika zimene zingatithandize kumvetsa mfundo zotsatirazi.
Zomwe Zilipo za Chlorine:Zimatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa klorini komwe kloridi imatha kuyimitsa, nthawi zambiri imakhala ngati kuchuluka kwake, zokhudzana ndi mphamvu komanso kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Chlorine Yaulere (FC) ndi Chlorine Yophatikiza (CC):Klorini yaulere ndi yaulere ya hypochlorous acid kapena hypochlorite, pafupifupi yopanda fungo, yokhala ndi disinfection kwambiri; Kuphatikiza klorini ndi zomwe zimachitika ndi ammonia nayitrogeni, monga thukuta ndi mkodzo, kupanga chloramine, osati kokha ndi fungo lopweteka, komanso kukhala ndi mphamvu yochepetsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pakakhala chlorine yosakwanira komanso kuchuluka kwa ammonia nayitrogeni, chlorine yophatikizidwa imapangidwa.
Cyanuric Acid (CYA):CYA, yomwe ilinso ndi dziwe lokhazikika, imatha kusunga asidi a hypochlorous mu dziwe ndikuletsa kuwola kwake mwachangu padzuwa, motero kuwonetsetsa kukhazikika kwa mphamvu yophera tizilombo. Izi zitha kuteteza bwino kukula kwa mabakiteriya ndi algae, ndikusunga madzi oyera komanso aukhondo. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mulingo wa CYA. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti milingo ya CYA sayenera kupitilira 100 ppm.
Chlorine Shock:Powonjezera klorini mu dziwe, mulingo wa klorini m'madzi udzakwera mwachangu pakanthawi kochepa kuti athetse matenda opha tizilombo, kutsekereza kapena kuthetsa mavuto amadzi.
Tsopano, tikambirana momwe tingathetsere mavuto pakukonza dziwe.
Ubwino wa Madzi Ndiwo Mfungulo Yokonza Dziwe
>1.1 Mabakiteriya ndi ma virus
Madzi abwino amafunikira ukhondo wabwino kuti osambira asatengere matenda obwera ndi madzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mankhwala ophera tizilombo kungathandize izi. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a chlorine, mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a bromine ndi PHMB ndi njira zodziwika bwino zophera tizilombo m'madziwe osambira.
1.1.1 Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a klorini
Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m’madziwe osambira ndi chlorine ndi njira yodziwika bwino komanso yothandiza pochiritsa madzi. Chlorine m'madzi imatulutsa hypochlorous acid, yomwe imatha kuwononga ma cell a mabakiteriya, ma virus ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kuti tikwaniritse disinfection. Mankhwala a chlorine omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamsika ndi Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate, Trichloroisocyanuric Acid ndi Calcium Hypochlorite.
- Sodium Dichloroisocyanrate, komanso SIDC kapena NaDCC, ndi mankhwala othandiza kwambiri ophera tizilombo, nthawi zambiri amakhala m'machubu oyera. Lili ndi 55% -60% ya klorini yomwe ilipo, yomwe imatha kupha mabakiteriya, mavairasi ndi algae, kupereka malo osambira otetezeka komanso athanzi. SDIC siyotetezeka kokha, komanso imatha kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, yovomerezeka kwa zaka zopitilira ziwiri pansi pamikhalidwe yoyenera. Chifukwa SDIC ili ndi kusungunuka kwakukulu komanso kusungunuka kwachangu, imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pakuchiritsa kugwedezeka kwa dziwe losambira, pakadali pano, sikukhudza kwambiri pH ya maiwe osambira. Ndipo SDIC ndi chlorine wokhazikika, kotero sifunika kuwonjezera CYA. Kuonjezera apo, wothandizila atha kuwonjezeredwa ku SDIC kuti apange mapiritsi osatha, omwe ali ndi chiwopsezo chokwera kwambiri kuposa mapiritsi a SDIC, ndipo atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'nyumba.
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- Trichloroisocyanuric Acid (TCCA)ndi mankhwala othandiza kwambiri ophera tizilombo, omwe amakhala ndi 90% ya chlorine yomwe ilipo. Monga SDIC, TCCA ndi chlorine yokhazikika yomwe siifuna CYA ikagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madziwe, koma idzachepetsa pH mlingo wa madzi a dziwe. Chifukwa TCCA imakhala ndi kusungunuka kochepa komanso kusungunuka kwapang'onopang'ono, nthawi zambiri imakhala ngati mapiritsi ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzodyetsa kapena zoperekera. Koma chifukwa cha izi, TCCA imatha kutulutsa asidi wa hypochlorous m'madzi mosalekeza komanso pang'onopang'ono, kuti dziwe likhale loyera komanso lochotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwa nthawi yayitali. Kupatula apo, TCCA imatha kupangidwa kukhala mapiritsi okhala ndi magwiridwe antchito ambiri okhala ndi kumveka kochepa komanso kupha ndere.
Calcium Hypochlorite, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti CHC, kaphatikizidwe kamene kamapangidwa ndi tinthu tating'ono tomwe timakhala toyera, ndi amodzi mwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza dziwe. Klorini yomwe ilipo ndi 65% kapena 70%. Mosiyana ndi SDIC ndi TCCA, CHC ndi chlorine yosakhazikika ndipo sichimawonjezera CYA mu dziwe. Kotero ngati pali vuto lalikulu la khalidwe la madzi lomwe liyenera kuyankhidwa ndi mlingo wapamwamba wa CYA mu dziwe, CHC ndi chisankho chabwino cha kugwedezeka kwa dziwe. CHC ndiyovuta kwambiri kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena opha ma chlorine. Chifukwa CHC ili ndi zinthu zambiri zosasungunuka, ziyenera kusungunuka ndi kumveka bwino zisanatsanulidwe mu dziwe.
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1.1.2 Bromine Disinfection
Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a bromine kwayambanso kutchuka pakukonza madziwe chifukwa cha mphamvu yake yochepetsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Bromine imapezeka m'madzi mu mawonekedwe a HBrO ndi bromine ion (Br-), omwe HBrO ali ndi okosijeni amphamvu ndipo amatha kupha mabakiteriya, mavairasi ndi tizilombo tina. Bromochlorodimethylhydantoin ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a bromine.
Bromochlorodimethylhydantoin (BCDMH), mtundu wa mtengo wokwera wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo a bromine, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala m'mapiritsi oyera, amakhala ndi 28% ya klorini yopezeka ndi 60% ya bromine. Chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwake kochepa komanso kusungunuka kwapang'onopang'ono, BCDMH imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo osungiramo malo ndi machubu otentha. Komabe, BCDMH bromine ili ndi fungo lochepa kuposa klorini, motero imachepetsa kupsa mtima kwa maso ndi khungu la osambira. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, BCDMH imakhala yokhazikika m'madzi ndipo sichimakhudzidwa mosavuta ndi pH, ammonia nitrogen ndi CYA, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti disinfection ikugwira ntchito bwino. Chifukwa bromine sidzakhazikika ndi CYA, samalani kuti musagwiritse ntchito m'madziwe osambira akunja.
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1.1.3 PHMB / PHMG
PHMB, madzi oonekera opanda mtundu kapena tinthu toyera, mawonekedwe ake olimba amasungunuka kwambiri m'madzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito PHMB, kumbali imodzi, sikutulutsa fungo la bromine, kupewa kupsa mtima kwa khungu, kumbali inayo, sikuyenera kuganizira za vuto la CYA. Komabe, mtengo wa PHMB ndi wokwera, ndipo sagwirizana ndi machitidwe a klorini ndi bromine, ndipo kusintha kumakhala kovuta, kotero ngati njira yogwiritsira ntchito PHMB sichitsatiridwa mosamalitsa, padzakhala mavuto ambiri. PHMG ili ndi mphamvu yofanana ndi PHMB.
>1.2 pH Balance
Mulingo woyenera wa pH sikuti umangokulitsa mphamvu ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo, komanso amalepheretsa dzimbiri komanso kuyika masikelo. Nthawi zambiri, pH yamadzi imakhala pafupifupi 5-9, pomwe pH yofunikira pamadzi am'dziwe nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 7.2-7.8. Mulingo wa pH ndi wofunikira kwambiri pachitetezo cha dziwe. Kutsika mtengo, kumapangitsanso acidity; Kukwera kwamtengo wapatali, kumakhala kofunikira kwambiri.
1.2.1 High pH Level (yoposa 7.8)
Pamene pH idutsa 7.8, madzi a padziwe amakhala amchere. PH yapamwamba imachepetsa mphamvu ya klorini mu dziwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisagwire ntchito popha tizilombo. Izi zingayambitse matenda a khungu kwa osambira, madzi a padziwe amtambo ndi kukulitsa zida za dziwe. Pamene pH yakwera kwambiri, pH Minus (Sodium Bisulfate) ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa kuti muchepetse pH.
1.2.2 Low pH Level (yochepera 7.2)
pH ikatsika kwambiri, madzi a padziwe amakhala acidic komanso owononga, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto angapo:
- Madzi a asidi amatha kukwiyitsa maso a osambira ndi m'mphuno ndikuwumitsa khungu ndi tsitsi lawo, motero kumayambitsa kuyabwa;
- Madzi a asidi amatha kuwononga zitsulo ndi zida zamadzi monga makwerero, njanji, zoyatsira nyali ndi zitsulo zilizonse zamapampu, zosefera kapena zotenthetsera;
- Kutsika pH m'madzi kungayambitse dzimbiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa gypsum, simenti, miyala, konkire ndi matailosi. Pamwamba uliwonse wa vinyl udzakhalanso wosasunthika, kuonjezera chiopsezo chosweka ndi kung'ambika. Ma minerals onse osungunukawa amatsekeredwa mumtsuko wamadzi a dziwe, zomwe zingapangitse madzi a padziwe kukhala akuda komanso amtambo;
- Kuonjezera apo, chlorine yaulere m'madzi idzatayika mofulumira chifukwa cha izi, zomwe zingayambitse kukula kwa mabakiteriya ndi algae.
Mukakhala ndi pH yotsika mu dziwe, mutha kuwonjezera pH Plus (Sodium Carbonate) kuti mukweze pH mpaka pH ya dziwe ikhalabe pakati pa 7.2-7.8.
Zindikirani: Mukasintha mulingo wa pH, onetsetsani kuti mwasintha alkalinity yonse kukhala yoyambira (60-180ppm).
1.3 Kuchuluka kwa Alkalinity
Kuphatikiza pa pH mulingo woyenera, alkalinity yonse imakhudzanso kukhazikika ndi chitetezo chamadzi am'dziwe. Total alkalinity, nawonso TC, imayimira pH kusungitsa mphamvu yamadzi. High TC imapangitsa kuwongolera pH kukhala kovuta ndipo kungayambitse kupanga masikelo pamene kuuma kwa kashiamu ndikokwera kwambiri; Low TC imatha kupangitsa kuti pH isunthike, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukhazikika munjira yoyenera. Mlingo woyenera wa TC ndi 80-100 mg/L (kwa maiwe ogwiritsira ntchito klorini wokhazikika) kapena 100-120 mg/L (kwa maiwe ogwiritsira ntchito klorini wokhazikika), wolola mpaka 150 mg/L ngati ndi dziwe la pulasitiki. Ndi bwino kuyesa mlingo wa TC kamodzi pa sabata.
Pamene TC ili yotsika kwambiri, Sodium Bicarbonate ingagwiritsidwe ntchito; Pamene TC yakwera kwambiri, Sodium bisulfate kapena Hydrochloric Acid ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochepetsa mphamvu. Koma njira yabwino kwambiri yochepetsera TC ndikusintha madzi pang'ono; Kapena onjezerani asidi kuti muwongolere pH ya madzi a dziwe pansi pa 7.0, ndipo gwiritsani ntchito chowombera kuti muwuze mpweya mu dziwe kuti muchotse mpweya woipa mpaka TC itsika kufika pamtunda womwe mukufuna.
1.4 Kulimba kwa Calcium
Calcium hardness (CH), yomwe ndi mayeso oyambira amadzimadzi, imakhudzana ndi kumveka kwa dziwe, kulimba kwa zida komanso chitonthozo cha wosambira.
Pamene madzi a dziwe CH ali otsika, madzi a dziwe adzawononga khoma la dziwe la konkire, ndipo ndi losavuta kuwira; Kuchulukira kwa CH kwamadzi am'dziwe kumatha kutsogolera kupanga masikelo ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya algaecide yamkuwa. Nthawi yomweyo, makulitsidwe adzakhudza kwambiri kutentha kwa chotenthetsera. Ndi bwino kuyesa dziwe madzi kuuma kamodzi pa sabata. Mitundu yoyenera ya CH ndi 180-250 mg/L (dziwe lapulasitiki) kapena 200-275 mg/L (dziwe la konkire).
Ngati mu dziwe muli otsika CH, mutha kuwonjezedwa powonjezera Calcium Chloride. Powonjezerapo, chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa kuti chiwongolere mlingo ndi kugawa yunifolomu kuti tipewe kusokoneza kwambiri m'deralo. Ngati CH ndi yokwera kwambiri, chochotsera sikelo chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchotsa sikelo. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, chonde khalani mosamalitsa motsatira malangizo kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa zida za dziwe ndi mtundu wamadzi.
>1.5 Zovuta
Kuwonongeka kwamadzi ndi chizindikiro chofunikira pakukonza dziwe. Madzi amadzi amtambo amtambo sangangokhudza maonekedwe ndi maonekedwe a dziwe, komanso kuchepetsa zotsatira zowononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Gwero lalikulu la turbidity ndi particles zoimitsidwa mu dziwe, zomwe zingathe kuchotsedwa ndi flocculants. Flocculant yofala kwambiri ndi Aluminium Sulfate, nthawi zina PAC imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndithudi, pali anthu ochepa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito PDADAC ndi Pool Gel.
1.5.1 Aluminiyamu Sulfate
Aluminium Sulfate(yomwe imatchedwanso Alum) ndi dziwe labwino kwambiri losambira lomwe limasunga dziwe lanu kukhala loyera komanso loyera. Pochiza dziwe, alum amasungunuka m'madzi kuti apange mitsinje yomwe imakopa ndikumangiriza ku zolimba zoyimitsidwa ndi zowonongeka mu dziwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupatukana ndi madzi. Mwachindunji, alum kusungunuka m'madzi pang'onopang'ono hydrolyzes kupanga positive charged Al(OH) 3 colloid, amene amayamwa kawirikawiri zoipa anaimbidwa particles m'madzi ndiyeno mofulumira coalesces pamodzi ndi precipitates mpaka pansi. Pambuyo pake, matope amatha kupatulidwa ndi madzi ndi mvula kapena kusefera. Komabe, alum ali ndi vuto, ndiko kuti, pakakhala kutentha kwa madzi otsika, mapangidwe a flocs adzakhala odekha komanso otayirira, zomwe zimakhudza kusungunuka ndi kusungunuka kwa madzi.
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1.5.2 Polyaluminium Chloride
Polyaluminium Chloride(PAC) ndinso gulu lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popangira madzi osambira. Ndi inorganic polima flocculant yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakusunga madzi abwino pochotsa bwino tinthu ting'onoting'ono, ma colloid ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Nthawi yomweyo, PAC imathanso kuchotsa ndere zakufa mu dziwe kuti ziwongolere kukula kwa algae. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti alum ndi PAC ndi aluminiyamu flocculants. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito aluminiyamu flocculant, m'pofunika kusungunula flocculant pamaso kuwonjezera pa dziwe, ndiye lolani mpope ntchito mpaka flocculant kwathunthu ndi wogawana omwazika mu dziwe madzi. Pambuyo pake, zimitsani mpope ndikukhala chete. Dothi likamira pansi padziwe, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito vacuum cleaner kuti muziyamwa.
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1.5.3 PDADMAC ndi Pool Gel
PDADAC ndi Gel Poolonse ndi organic flocculants. Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito, ma floc opangidwawo amasefedwa ndi fyuluta yamchenga, ndipo kumbukirani kusambitsanso fyulutayo mukamaliza kusefa. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito PDDMAC, iyenera kusungunuka musanawonjezere ku dziwe, pamene Pool Gel imangofunika kuikidwa mu skimmer, yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi alum ndi PAC, machitidwe a flocculation a onsewa ndi osauka.
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1.6 Kukula kwa Algae
Kukula kwa algae m'mayiwe osambira ndizovuta komanso zovuta. Sizidzangokhudza maonekedwe a dziwe kuti madzi adziwe dziwe, komanso amachititsa kuti mabakiteriya abereke, zomwe zimakhudza thanzi la osambira. Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane momwe tingathetsere vuto la algae mwangwiro.
1.6.1 Mitundu ya Algae
Choyamba, tiyenera kudziwa zomwe algae alipo mu dziwe.
Green algae:Algae wodziwika kwambiri m'mayiwe, ichi ndi katsamba kakang'ono kobiriwira. Sizingangoyandama m'madzi a dziwe kuti dziwe likhale lobiriwira, komanso lingagwirizane ndi khoma kapena pansi pa dziwe kuti likhale loterera.
Blue algae:Uwu ndi mtundu wa mabakiteriya, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala amtundu wa buluu, wobiriwira, kapena wakuda woyandama womwe umakonda kufalikira kwambiri. Ndipo imalekerera ma algicides kuposa algae wobiriwira.
Yellow algae:Ichi ndi chromista. Imamera pamakoma ndi m'makona a dziwe ndipo imakonda kutulutsa mawanga achikasu, agolide, kapena obiriwira. Algae wachikasu amalekerera kwambiri algicides, koma algicides yamkuwa nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito.
Black algae:Monga blue algae, uwu ndi mtundu wa mabakiteriya. ndere zakuda nthawi zambiri zimamera m'mayiwe osambira a konkriti, kutulutsa mawanga akuda, abulauni, kapena abuluu-wakuda kapena mikwingwirima yolingana ndi nsonga ya pensulo pamakoma a dziwe. Chifukwa ndere zakuda zimagonjetsedwa ndi algicides, nthawi zambiri zimatha kuthetsedwa ndi kugwedezeka kwakukulu kwa chlorine komanso kupukuta mosamala.
Algae wa pinki:Mosiyana ndi ndere zina, iyi ndi bowa yomwe imawoneka pafupi ndi madzi ndipo imawoneka ngati mawanga apinki kapena magulu. Mchere wa Quaternary ammonium ukhoza kupha algae wa pinki, koma chifukwa amawonekera pafupi ndi madzi ndipo samakhudzana ndi madzi a dziwe, zotsatira za mankhwala m'madzi sizili zabwino ndipo nthawi zambiri zimafuna burashi pamanja.
1.6.2 Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kukula kwa Algae
Kusakwanira kwa klorini, pH yosakwanira, ndi machitidwe osakwanira osefera ndizomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa algae. Kugwa mvula kumathandizanso kuti algae aziphuka. Mvula imatha kutsuka tizilombo ta algae m'dziwe ndikusokoneza madzi, ndikupanga malo abwino kuti algae akule. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pamene kutentha kwa chilimwe kumakwera, momwemonso kutentha kwa madzi a dziwe, kumapanga malo okulirapo kwa mabakiteriya ndi algae. Kuwonjezera apo, ndere zimathanso kupangidwa ndi zinthu zoipitsidwa ndi osambira, monga zovala zosambira zomwe amavala komanso zoseweretsa zomwe amaseweretsa m’nyanja kapena m’madzi a m’nyanja.
1.6.3 Mitundu ya Algicides
Mwambiri, pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zophera algae: kupha ndere komanso kupha ndere. Kupha ndere kwenikweni kumatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamanja kapena zodziwikiratu kuti algae scrapers achotse algae pamwamba pamadzi. Komabe, njirayi simachotseratu algae, koma imangowonjezera kupambana kwa mankhwala a algae-kupha. Kupha ndere ndi kuwonjezera ma algicides kuti achotse algae kapena kulepheretsa kukula kwawo. Chifukwa ma algicides nthawi zambiri amapha ndere pang'onopang'ono, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poletsa algae. Algicides amagawidwa m'magulu atatu awa:
- Polyquaternary ammonium salt algicide:Uwu ndi mtundu wa algicide okwera mtengo, koma magwiridwe ake ndiabwino kuposa algicide ena, kapena thovu, kapena kuyambitsa makulitsidwe ndi madontho.
- Quaternary ammonium salt algicide:Algicide iyi ndi yotsika mtengo yokhala ndi zotsatira zabwino, ndipo sichimayambitsa makulitsidwe ndi kudetsa. Koma zimatha kuyambitsa thovu ndikuwononga fyulutayo.
- Chelated Copper:Iyi ndi algicide yofala kwambiri, osati yotsika mtengo, komanso imakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakupha ndere. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito chelated copper algicide ndikosavuta kukulitsa komanso kudetsa, ndipo ndikoletsedwa m'malo ena.
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1.6.4 Momwe Mungathetsere Vuto la Algae
- Choyamba, sankhani algicide yoyenera. Kampani yathu imapereka mankhwala osiyanasiyana opha ndere, kuphatikizapo Super Algicide, Algicide Yamphamvu, Quarter Algicide, Blue Algicide, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zingathe kulepheretsa kukula kwa algae ndi mabakiteriya ndikupanga malo osambira otetezeka kwa osambira.
- Chachiwiri, sukani algae yomwe ili pamakoma ndi pansi pa dziwe ndi burashi.
- Chachitatu, yesani mtundu wamadzi, kuphatikiza mulingo waulere wa chlorine ndi pH. Klorini yaulere ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro za mphamvu yopha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo pH imatha kupereka malo okhazikika kuti mankhwala ena am'madzi atsatire.
- Chachinayi, onjezerani ma algicides m'madzi a dziwe, omwe amatha kupha ndere bwino.
- Chachisanu, onjezerani mankhwala ophera tizilombo mu dziwe, zomwe zingakhale zothandiza kwa algicide kugwira ntchito, ndikuthetsa vuto la algae mwachangu.
- Chachisanu ndi chimodzi, sungani kayendedwe ka kayendedwe kake. Kusunga zida za dziwe zikuyenda nthawi zonse kumapangitsa kuti mankhwala a dziwe afikire ngodya iliyonse, kuwonetsetsa kuti dziwe likuphimba kwambiri.
- Pomaliza, mukamaliza masitepe omwe ali pamwambapa, onetsetsani kuti mwatsukanso fyuluta yamchenga kuti chipangizocho chizigwira ntchito bwino.
Kukonza Mwachizoloŵezi ndi Gawo Lofunika Kwambiri pakukonza dziwe
Kuti dziwe likhale loyera komanso loyera pakapita nthawi, kuwonjezera pa kuthana ndi zovuta zamadzi zomwe zili pamwambazi, kukonza madziwe tsiku ndi tsiku ndikofunikiranso.
2.1 Yesani Ubwino wa Madzi Nthawi Zonse
Kukoma kwa madzi ndiye maziko a chisamaliro cha dziwe. Kuyesa kwanthawi zonse kwa pH mlingo, klorini yaulere, alkalinity yonse ndi zizindikiro zina zazikulu m'madzi ndi sitepe yoyamba yotsimikizira chitetezo cha madzi. Kukwera kwambiri kapena kutsika kwambiri pH sikungokhudza kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso kungayambitsenso khungu ndi maso. Choncho, ndi ntchito yofunikira pakukonza tsiku ndi tsiku kuti musinthe khalidwe la madzi mu nthawi molingana ndi zotsatira zoyesa ndikusunga mkati mwa njira yoyenera.
2.2 Sungani Njira Yosefera
Kusefera kwa dziwe ndikofunika kwambiri kuti madzi azikhala oyera komanso oyera. Kuyeretsa nthawi zonse kapena kusinthidwa kwa zinthu zosefera ndikuyang'ana ntchito ya mpope ndi chitoliro kuti zitsimikizire kuyenda bwino kwa madzi ndi maziko osungira bwino ntchito ya kusefera. Kuphatikiza apo, kuzungulira koyenera kwa backwash kumathanso kukulitsa moyo wautumiki wa zinthu zosefera ndikuwongolera kusefera.
2.3 Yeretsani Dziwe Losambira
Kuyeretsa pamwamba pa dziwe ndi khoma la dziwe ndilofunikanso kukonza tsiku ndi tsiku. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyeretsera zaukadaulo, monga burashi ya dziwe, makina oyamwa, ndi zina zambiri, kuchotsa nthawi zonse zinthu zoyandama pamtunda wa dziwe, khoma la dziwe lamadzi ndi dothi la pansi pa dziwe, zimatha kukhalabe kukongola konse ndi chitetezo cha dziwe. Pakadali pano, tcherani khutu kuti muwone ngati matailosi ndi zida zina zili bwino ndikukonza zowonongeka munthawi yake, motero kupewa kuipitsidwa kwa madzi.
2.4 Kusamalira Chitetezo
Kuphatikiza pa kuyeretsa ndi kuyang'anira tsiku ndi tsiku, kukonza zodzitetezera n'kofunikanso. Mwachitsanzo, kuyang'anira ngalande za ngalandezi kuyenera kulimbikitsidwa nyengo yamvula isanakwane kuti madzi asamabwerenso. Malizitsani kukonza ndi kukonza zida nthawi yachitukuko isanakwane kuti dziwe lizigwira ntchito mokhazikika m'nyengo yam'mwamba. Njirazi zimatha kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha kulephera mwadzidzidzi ndikukulitsa moyo wautumiki wa dziwe.
Ponseponse, kukonza dziwe losambira ndi ntchito yovuta komanso yosamala yomwe imafuna khama lalikulu komanso kuleza mtima kuchokera kwa oyang'anira dziwe. Malingana ngati tikugwira ntchito yabwino yosamalira nthawi zonse komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a dziwe, tikhoza kupereka malo abwino komanso abwino osambira kwa osambira. Ngati muli ndi mafunso, chonde omasuka kulankhula nafe. Monga wopanga mankhwala osambira osambira ku China, titha kupereka malangizo aukadaulo ndi zinthu zotsika mtengo.
