Mankhwala okhudza dziwe losambira (1)

Makina osefera a dziwe lanu amathandizira kwambiri kuti madzi anu azikhala oyera, koma muyeneranso kudalira chemistry kuti musinthe bwino madzi anu.Kusamalira mosamalapool chemistrykulinganiza ndikofunikira pazifukwa izi:

• Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (monga mabakiteriya) timatha kumera m'madzi.Madzi a m'dziwe akakhala osatetezedwa, tizilombo toyambitsa majeremusi titha kufalikira mosavuta kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu.

• Ngati chemistry ya dziwe ili yosakwanira, ikhoza kuwononga mbali zosiyanasiyana za dziwe.

• Madzi osalinganizidwa ndi mankhwala amatha kukhumudwitsa khungu ndi maso a munthu.

• Madzi amene sakhala bwino m'thupi amatha kuchita mitambo.

Kuchiza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzi, aMankhwala ophera tizilomboziyenera kuperekedwa kuti majeremusi athetsedwe.Ma sanitizer omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'madzi ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi elemental chlorine, mongacalcium hypochlorite(olimba) kapena sodium hypochlorite (zamadzimadzi).Mankhwala okhala ndi klorini akayikidwa m'madzi, klorini imalumikizana ndi madzi ndikupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana, zofunika kwambiri kukhala hypochlorous acid.Hypochlorous acid imapha mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda polimbana ndi lipids m'makoma a cell, kuwononga ma enzyme ndi ma cell mkati mwa maselo kudzera mumayendedwe a okosijeni.Njira zoyeretsera, monga bromide, zimagwiranso ntchito mofanana, koma zimakhala ndi zotsatira zosiyana pang'ono zopha majeremusi.

Nthawi zambiri mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chlorine mu granules, ufa kapena flakes ndikuponya m'madzi nthawi iliyonse.Akatswiri a dziwe nthawi zambiri amalangiza kumwa mankhwala a klorini ndi chodyetsa mankhwala mukangomaliza kusefa.Ngati klorini yathiridwa mu dziwe (monga kugwiritsa ntchito flake chlorine mu tank skimmer), kuchuluka kwa klorini m'maderawa kungakhale kokwera kwambiri.

Vuto limodzi lalikulu ndi hypochlorous acid: sizokhazikika makamaka.Hypochlorous acid imawonongeka ikayatsidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.Kuphatikiza apo, hypochlorous acid imatha kuphatikizana ndi mankhwala ena kupanga mankhwala atsopano.Stabilizers (mongaAsidi Cyanuric) nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'madzi opangira madzi.Ma stabilizers amakhudzidwa ndi klorini kuti apange zinthu zokhazikika.Chigawo chatsopanocho sichimawonongeka kwambiri chikawonetsedwa ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet.

Ngakhale ndi zolimbitsa thupi, hypochlorous acid imatha kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala ena ndipo zotsatira zake sizigwira ntchito popha mabakiteriya.Mwachitsanzo, hypochlorous acid imatha kuphatikiza mankhwala monga ammonia mumkodzo kupanga ma chloramine osiyanasiyana.Chloramine sikuti amangopha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma amatha kukwiyitsa khungu ndi maso, ndikutulutsa fungo loyipa.Fungo lachilendo komanso kusawona bwino kwa maso m'madziwe osambira kumachitika chifukwa cha ma chloramine, osati asidi wamba wa hypochlorous.Fungo lamphamvu nthawi zambiri limasonyeza klorini yaulere yochepa kwambiri (hypochlorous acid), osati kwambiri.Kuti achotse ma chloramines, oyang'anira dziwe ayenera kugwedeza dziwe: Kumwa mankhwalawa mopitilira mulingo wabwinobwino kuti achotse zinthu zachilengedwe ndi zinthu zosafunikira.

Pamwambapa ndikuyambitsa kwadziwe losambira mankhwala ophera tizilombondiChlorine Stabilizer.Pali zambiri zokhudzana ndi mankhwala a dziwe losambira, pitirizani kumvetsera kwa ine kuti mukhale ndi chidziwitso chomwe mukufuna.